Scheuermann’s disease is a disorder in which there is a pronounced hunchback formation (hyperkyphosis), particularly in the thoracic spine. This change often occurs in adolescence when the vertebral bodies grow unevenly during the growth process. The result is a wedge-shaped deformation of the vertebrae, which leads to an increased curvature of the spine.
Possible causes
The exact causes of Scheuermann’s disease have not been conclusively clarified. Both genetic factors and unfavorable posture and movement habits during the growth phase are being discussed. Excessive or one-sided mechanical stress on the still-growing spine can also contribute to the vertebral bodies not developing evenly.
Typical symptoms
People with Scheuermann’s disease often notice an increased hunchback posture, which is not only visually noticeable, but can also be accompanied by tension and pain in the back. In young people in particular, the symptoms sometimes go unnoticed for a long time because they develop slowly. With increasing age, however, pain in the upper and middle back and limited mobility can occur. In some cases, those affected also notice that their back muscles tire more quickly, which can affect their everyday life.
How physiotherapy can help
From a physiotherapeutic perspective, the main aim is to stabilize the spine, compensate for poor posture and improve mobility. Various techniques and methods are used to achieve this:
- Posture analysis and training: An individual posture check shows which areas are particularly noticeable. We then work together to develop exercises that promote an upright posture.
- Strengthening exercises: Specific exercises for the back and core muscles help to relieve pressure on the vertebrae and ensure a stable spine.
- Stretching shortened structures: Certain muscle groups, for example in the chest and shoulder area, are often shortened. Targeted stretching exercises create more mobility, which in turn benefits a healthy upright posture.
- Manual therapy: Manual therapy techniques can be used to release blockages and improve joint function. These help to make movement sequences more fluid and reduce pain.
- Breathing therapy: deeper and more conscious breathing helps to straighten the spine and relieves tense muscle groups in the thoracic vertebrae.
- Everyday advice: In addition to active exercise sessions, it is crucial to pay attention to back-friendly movements and ergonomics in everyday life, whether at work, in your free time or during sport.
Other conservative treatment options
- Corset treatment: For adolescents in the growth phase and with a pronounced kyphosis, wearing a special corset can be useful. This helps to bring the spine into a more upright position and prevent the progression of the curvature.
- Physical therapy: Applications such as heat treatments using red light or ultrasound can help to relieve tension in the neck and back. Massages can also help to relax the muscles.
- Occupational therapy and adapting the environment: Ergonomically designed workstations with suitable tables and chairs support a healthy posture. Regular breaks during sedentary activities are also recommended.
Surgical interventions
In very rare and severe cases, especially if conservative measures do not bring the desired success and the curvature of the spine is very pronounced, surgical correction may be considered. However, this is only carried out after careful consideration and in specialized centers.
Conclusion
Our physiotherapy team’s many years of experience have shown that early diagnosis and targeted physiotherapy are very helpful for Scheuermann’s disease. The better the muscular corset is trained and the more consciously those affected deal with their back, the less discomfort they experience. Although kyphosis often cannot be completely “trained away”, pain and mobility can be significantly improved in most cases.
If the curvature is more pronounced, it may be advisable to wear a customized corset in addition to physiotherapy. This supports the straightening of the spine and prevents the curvature from progressing.
In rare cases, especially if the curvature is very severe and symptoms persist, surgical correction may be considered. However, this decision should be made carefully and on an individual basis.
If you have any questions or require further information, please contact our team to find the right physiotherapy approach and create individual exercise programs.